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anglais vers roumain: General Law General field: Droit / Brevets Detailed field: Droit (général)
Texte source - anglais My Lords,
I have the advantage of reading in draft the speech of my noble and learned friend Lord Bingham of Cornhill and I gratefully adopt his statement of the background to this case and the issues, which it raises. This is one of the most important cases, which the House has had to decide in recent years. It calls into question the very existence of an ancient liberty of which this country has until now been very proud: freedom from arbitrary arrest and detention. The power which the Home Secretary seeks to uphold is a power to detain people indefinitely without charge or trial. Nothing could be more antithetical to the instincts and traditions of the people Of the United Kingdom.
At present, the power cannot be exercised against citizens of this country. First, it applies only to foreigners whom the Home Secretary would otherwise be able to deport…Secondly, it requires that the Home Secretary should reasonably suspect the foreigners of a variety of activities or attitudes in connection with terrorism…If…the suspect is detained, his detention must be reviewed by the Special Immigration Appeals Commission. They can decide that there were no reasonable grounds for the Home Secretary’s suspicion. But the suspect is not entitled to be told the grounds upon which he has been suspected. So he may not find it easy to explain that the suspicion is groundless. In any case, suspicion of being supporter is one thing and proof of wrongdoing is another. Someone who has never committed any offence and has no intention of doing anything wrong may be reasonably suspected of being a supporter on the basis of some heated remarks overheard in a pub. The question in this case is whether the United Kingdom should be a country in which the police can come to such a person’s house and take him away to be detained indefinitely without trial.
The technical issue in this appeal is whether such a power can be justified on the ground that there exists a “war or other public emergency threatening the life of the nation” within the meaning of article 15 of the European Convention on Human Rights…
In my opinion, such a power in any form is not compatible with our constitution. The real threat to the life of the nation, in the sense of a people living in accordance with its traditional laws and political values, comes not from terrorism but from laws such as these. That is the true measure of what terrorism may achieve. It is for Parliament to decide whether to give the terrorist such a victory.
Traduction - roumain Lorzii mei,
Am privilegiul de a citi schita discursului nobilului si inteleptului meu prieten, lord Bingham of Cornhill si aprob cu recunostinta declaratia sa despre conditiile acestui caz si despre problemele pe care le ridica. Acesta este unul dintre cele mai importante cazuri pe care Curtea le-a avut de rezolvat in ultimii ani. Se ridica intrebarea asupra existentei insasi a unei libertati foarte vechi, de care aceasta tara a fost foarte mandra pana in prezent: libertatea de a nu fi arestat intamplator si de a fi detinut. Puterea pe care Secretarul de Stat incearca s-o sustina este puterea de a detine oameni pe termen nedeterminat, fara a fi acuzati sau dati in judecata. Nimic nu poate fi mai in
contradictie cu instinctele si traditiile locuitorilor din Marea Britanie.
In prezent, puterea nu poate fi exercitata impotriva locuitorilor acestei tari. In primul rand, se aplica numai strainilor pe care Secretarul de Stat ar putea, de altfel, sa-i deporteze…In al doilea rand, se cere ca Secretarul de Stat sa-i suspecteze in mod just pe straini de o varietate de activitati sau atitudini, in conexiune cu terorismul… Daca suspectul este retinut, detentia sa trebuie sa fie analizata de Comisia Speciala de Apel a Emigrantilor. Ei pot decide daca nu au fost motive juste pentru suspiciunea Secretarului de Stat. Insa suspectul nu are dreptul sa stie motivele pentru care a fost suspectat. Asadar, s-ar putea sa gaseasca dificil de acceptat faptul ca suspiciunea este nejustificata. In orice caz, suspiciunea de a fi un sustinator este un lucru, iar dovada de a comite un fapt este altceva. O persoana care nu a mai comis niciodata o ofensa si nu are intentia de a face nimic rau, poate fi suspectata in mod just de a fi sustinator, pe baza unor remarci aprinse, auzite intr-un pub. In acest caz, intrebarea este daca Regatul Unit ar trebui sa fie o tara in care politia sa poata veni la domiciliul unei astfel de persoane si sa o retina, pe termen nedefinit, fara process.
In acest apel, problema tehnica este daca o astfel de putere poate fi justificata pe baza faptului ca exista “un razboi sau un pericol public de amenintare a vietii natiunii” in baza articolului 15 al Conventiei Europene a Drepturilor Omului.
In opinia mea, o astfel de putere, in orice forma, nu este compatibila cu constitutia noastra. Adevarata amenintare asupra vietii natiunii, in sensul vietii oamenilor in concordanta cu legile traditionale si cu valorile politice, vine nu din terorism, ci din legi precum acestea. Aceasta este forta adevarata a ceea ce terorismul poate sa reuseasca. Este in masura Parlamentului sa decida daca sa ofere teroristilor o asemenea victorie.
anglais vers roumain: Support victims of rape General field: Droit / Brevets Detailed field: Droit (général)
Texte source - anglais The government must support the victims of serious violent crime despite financial constraints following its spending review,
Baroness Stern said last night.The crossbench peer, who led the independent review into how rape complainants are treated
by public bodies, said justice had to be balanced, and accorded equally to the perpetrators and victims of crime.Giving the
third annual Crown Prosecution Service lecture yesterday, a day after the outcome of the government’s spending review was
announced, Stern said: ‘In the face of these financial constraints, we have to say serious violent crime must be the priority, and
rape is one of the most serious violent crimes.‘I am sure that as the cuts come, there will be a commitment to no reductions in
investigating and prosecuting serious crime. That is the duty of any government and it will continue.’But she added: ‘If there is
to be justice, we have to ensure that there is a similar commitment to supporting the victims of serious crime.’Stern said: ‘If the
Sexual Assault Referral Centres are not rolled out across the country, if the grants for independent sexual violence advisers are
not renewed, if rape crisis centres are closing up and down the country, the government will have failed to meet its obligations
to a group of people who have been grievously harmed.’‘I hope that message will be heard by all those in government making
the decisions,’ she added.Stern said justice must be accorded equally to the powerful and the powerless, to the blameless and
those whose lives have not been faultless. ‘There must be no impunity for perpetrators, but justice must be balanced between
the processes that lead to conviction and punishment, and mechanisms that meet the obligation to support and heal the victim
and provide redress.’The Stern Review, which reported in March this year, concluded that the policies in place for dealing with
rape complaints were adequate, but there were failures to implement them.It said the debate had focused too much on conviction
rates, which were measured in a misleading way, and called for greater support for victims, suggesting that separate legal
representation should be explored for victims, to counter the unfairness of the adversarial system felt by many.
Traduction - roumain Baronesa Stern a declarat aeara ca guvernul trebuie sa sprijine victimele
care au suferit violente puternice, in ciuda constrangerilor de ordin financiar, in
urma analizei costurilor.
Colegul de scaun judecatoresc care a condus analiza independenta asupra
modului in care reclamatiile de viol sunt tratate de catre institutiile publice, a
declarat ca justitia trebuie sa fie echilibrata si in concordata egala pentru
faptasi si victimele acestora.
In urma celei de-a treia conferinte anuale desfasurata ieri de Serviciul
de Procuratura Regala, la o zi dupa ce s-a anuntat rezultatul analizei cheltuielilor
guvernului, Stern a declarat: ‘In fata acestor constrangeri financiare trebuie sa
spunem ca violentele puternice trebuie sa fie o prioritate, iar violul este una dintre
faptele cele mai grave. ‘Sunt sigur ca o data ce se aplica reducerile de costuri, va
exista o intelegere de a nu fi nicio reducere in investigatii si in judecarea delictelor
serioase. Aceasta este datoria oricarui guvern si va continua sa fie. ’ Dar a
adaugat: ’Daca se vrea dreptate, trebuie sa ne asiguram ca exista o obligatie
asemanatoare ajutorului acordat victimelor delictelor grave. ’Stern a
declarat: ’Daca Centrele de Referinta a victimelor atacurilor sexuale nu sunt
raspandite de-a lungul tarii, daca subventiile pentru consilierii independenti ai
violentelor sexuale nu sunt reinnoite, daca centrele de criza a violurilor se inchid
peste tot in tara, guvernul va esua sa-si indeplineasca obligatiile catre un grup de
oameni care au fost vatamati in mod grav. ’ A adaugat:‘Sper ca mesajul acesta sa
fie auzit de catre toti cei care iau decizii in guvern’. Stern a declarat ca justitia
trebuie sa fie acordata in mod egal celor puternici si celor fara putere, celor fara
vina si celor a caror viata nu a fost fara cusur. ‘ Nu trebuie sa existe vreo
impunitate asupra faptasilor, dar justitia trebuie sa prezinte un echilibru intre
procesele care duc spre condamnare si pedepsire si mecanismele care indeplinesc
obligatia de a sprijini si de a ingriji victima si de a le oferi restabilire. ‘Revista The Stern, care a aparut in martie anul trecut a tras concluzia ca tacticile aplicate
pentru rezolvarea plangerilor de viol au fost adecvate, dar nu exista nicio esuare in
a le implementa. S-a declarat ca dezbaterea s-a concentrat prea mult pe tarifele
condamnarilor care erau masurate intr-o maniera gresita si a cerut un sprijin mai
ridicat pentru victime, sugerand ca ar trebui cercetate reprezentari legale separate
pentru acestea, pentru a se opune nedreptatii sistemului adversar resimtit de catre multa lume.
anglais vers roumain: Anti-social behaviour strategies General field: Sciences sociales Detailed field: Sciences sociales, sociologie, éthique, etc.
Texte source - anglais The Government has attached great importance to tackling anti-social behaviour (ASB), and has introduced a range of new measures to deal with it. This study, by King's
College London, looked at public attitudes towards ASB nationally and examined the problems and solutions in three case-study neighbourhoods with high levels of ASB.
In all three areas, graduated enforcement strategies culminating in the use of Anti-Social Behaviour Orders (ASBOs) were combined with a range of preventive measures
by different agencies. Some of these measures were funded through mainstream services and others through special initiatives.
In each of the neighbourhoods, interviews and focus groups were organised with residents and ASB practitioners. In all three areas, issues relating to children and young people caused particular concern. Residents and practitioners spoke about boisterous and rowdy behaviour by children, young people congregating, young people causing damage to property and the environment, and anti-social use of cars and motorbikes by children and young people. People were also concerned about drug and alcohol misuse, and the impact of neighbour disputes and 'problem families'.
Focus groups with residents showed how exposure to ASB can provoke a profound sense of powerlessness and lack of control over the social environment. People had real concerns about retaliation if they intervened, and felt that the statutory agencies were largely impotent in the face of serious misbehaviour by young people.
Explaining and responding to ASB: three perspectives
Three main strands of thought or perspectives on ASB emerged, although these were by no means mutually exclusive or discrete:
• Social and moral decline – ASB problems were seen as symptoms of wider social and cultural change, and more specifically a decline in moral standards and family values.
•Disengaged youth and families – ASB was thought to be rooted in the increasing disengagement from wider society of a significant minority of children and young people and (in many cases) their families. 'Kids will be kids' – ASB was seen as a reflection of the age-old tendency for young people to get into trouble, challenge boundaries and antagonise
their elders.
Those who saw ASB as an issue of social and moral decline were often highly cynical about the effectiveness of the new range of provisions for tackling it, such as ASBOs and dispersal orders. However, they also saw little hope in alternative approaches other than, possibly, community mobilisation against ASB perpetrators.
Those who largely viewed ASB in terms of 'disengagement' thought that early preventive intervention, intensive youth work and community partnership offered the
most promise. From this perspective, enforcement was necessary, but had to be used selectively and with great care.
The 'kids will be kids' viewpoint implied that diversionary activities for young people should be the cornerstone of local ASB strategies.
Traduction - roumain Guvernul a acordat o mare importanta abordarii comportamentului antisocial (ASB) si a introdus o gama de noi masuri pentru a aduce o rezolvare.
Acest studiu realizat de catre King's College Londra a observat atitudinile fata de
ASB si a examinat problemele si solutiile intr-un studiu de caz al zonelor cu nivel ridicat de ASB.
In toate cele 3 zone, strategiile treptate de constrangere ajung la punctul culminant in folosirea Ordinelor Comportamentului Antisocial (OCA) si au
fost combinate cu o gama de masuri preventive de catre diferite agentii. Unele dintre aceste masuri au fost finantate prin servicii principale si altele prin initiative
speciale. In fiecare dintre cartierele vecine, au fost organizate interview-uri si grupuri focalizate cu rezidenti si practicanti si OCA. In toate cele trei zone, probleme legate de copii si tineri au cauzat o ingrijorare speciala. Rezidentii si practicantii au vorbit despre comportamentul turbulent si galagios al copiilor, al grupului de tineri care provoaca daune proprietatilor si mediului inconjurator,
folosirea antisociala a masinilor si a motocicletelor de catre copii si tineri.
Oamenii au fost de asemenea ingrijorati de consumul de droguri si de alcool, de impactul asupra disputelor din cartier si de 'problemelor familiale'.
Grupurile focalizate cu rezidenti au aratat cum expunerea la OCA poate provoca un sentiment profund de neputinta si lipsa de control asupra mediului social. Oamenii au fost de-a dreptul ingrijorati de razbunare in cazul in care
ar interveni si au simitit ca agentiile de reglementare au fost in mare masura neputincioase in fata comportamentului urat al tinerilor.
Explicarea si reactia la ASB: trei perspective
Au iesit la lumina trei idei principale sau perspective asupra ASB, cu toate ca acestea nu s-au exclus mutual sau discret sub nicio forma :
•Declinul social si moral – problemele ASB au fost vazute ca simptomele unui schimb social si cultural mai larg si in mod deosebit un declin in standardele morale si a valorilor familiale.
• Tinerii si familiile separate – s-a crezut ca ASB a avut radacinile in neimplicarea crescanda dinspre o societate mai larga catre o minoritate semnificativa de copii
si tineri (in multe cazuri) in familiile lor.
'Copii raman copii' – ASB a fost vazut ca o reflectare a tendintei invechite asupra tinerilor de a avea necazuri, de a infrunta granitele si a-i contraria pe cei mai in varsta.
Cei care au vazut ASB ca pe o problema de declin social si moral au fost adeseori foarte cinici asupra eficientiei noii game de asigurari pentru rezolvare, ca de pilda OCA si ordinele de dispersare.
Cu toate astea, au rezerve in privinta modurilor de abordare in afara de, posibil, mobilizarea comunitatii impotriva faptasilor de OCA.
Cei care au vazut in mare masura ASB ca o ”delasare”, au crezut ca prevenirea timpurie, munca intensa a tineretului si parteneriatul comunitatii au oferit promisiuni consistente.
Din aceasta perspectiva, aplicarea legii a fost necesara, dar a trebuit folosita in mod selectiv si cu mare atentie.
Punctul de vedere “copii vor fi copii” a implicat faptul ca diversitatea de activitati pentru tineret sa fie baza strategiilor locale ale ASB.
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Bachelor's degree - AL.I.Cuza University, Iasi, Romania
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Années d'expérience en traduction : 19. Inscrit à ProZ.com : Aug 2010.
Hard-working, highly-skilled translator (Romanian/English/French) with a keen eye for detail. Native Romanian speaker. Fluent in English (having lived and worked in the UK from 2004 until recently) and French. Positive attitute, highly motivated team player, responsible, dedicated and flexible to clients’ needs.
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