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Translation glossary: Yoga

Creator:
Hasan Abu Khalil
Hasan Abu Khalil
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Ahimsa non-violencenon-injury - one of the yamas of ashtanga yoga 
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Ajna chakra energy center located behind the foreheadalso called psychic centre - one of the seven energy centers 
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Akasha etherspace 
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Ananda blissecstasy 
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Antar innerinternal 
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Anubhava experiencerealization 
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Asana yoga position or yoga posealso called yogasana. A balanced position for smooth energy flow in specific areas of the body and mind. 
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Ashtanga yoga the eight fold path of yoga as outlined by Patanjali: yamaniyama 
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Bahir outsideexternal 
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Basti a colon cleansing technique (shakarma)yogic enema 
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Bhagvad Gita a part of the famous Hindu epic \'Mahabharata\'. Teachings of Lord Krishna to his disciple Arjuna at the commencement of the battle of Kurukshetrawith explanations on sannyasa yoga 
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Bhastrika pranayama \'bellows\' breathing technique in which the breath is forcibly drawn in and out through the nose in equal proportionslike the pumping action of the bellows. 
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Brahman supreme consciousnessabsolute reality. 
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Chakra literally meaning circle or wheelin yoga this refers to the energy centers lying along the confluence of the nadis (energy channels) 
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Chidakasha psychic space in front of the closed eyesjust behind the forehead. 
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Chin mudra hand gesture in which the first finger is kept at the root of the thumbthe last three fingers are unfolded. 
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Danda dhauti one of the cleansing techniques (shatkarmas)used to clean the oesophagus with a stick. 
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Dharma dutyrighteous path 
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Dhauti second of the shatkarmas; cleansing technique of the eyesears 
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Dhyana meditation; single-pointed focus of mind on either a formthought or sound. 
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Dosha three humours of the body; see kaphapitta 
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Guna quality of nature viz. tamasrajas 
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Guru spiritually enlightened soulwho can dispel darkness 
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Hatha yoga science of yoga which purifies the whole physical body by means of shatkarmaasana 
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Jala neti a shatkarma technique - cleansing of the nasal passages with water by alternating the flow of water in the nostrilspreferably using a neti pot. 
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Jnana knowledgeunderstanding 
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Jnana mudra the gesture of knowledge - in this the index finger is bent so that its tip is joined with the tip of the thumbthe other three fingers are spread out. 
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Kriya activitydynamic yogic practice 
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Laya yoga union with the supreme consciousness through pranayama or devotion. Literallyunion by absorption 
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Maha bandha the great lock - combines the three locks in yoga - the moola bandhajalandhara bandha and uddiyana bandha - together with breath retention. 
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Maha mudra the great gesture - combines the practice of moola bandhashambhavi and khechari mudras simultaneously. 
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Maha nadi literally means \'great nadi\'which is the \'sushumna\' in yoga 
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Mantra subtle sound vibrationwhich through repetition aims at expanding one\'s awareness or consciousness. 
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Nadi energy channels in the bodysimilar to the meridians in acupuncture 
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Pancha makara the five tantric practices : mansa(meat)madhya(wine) 
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Pancha tattwa the five elements - earthwater 
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Param highestsupreme 
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Payaswini nadi energy channel terminating at the right big toebetween poosha and pingala channels 
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Purana eighteen ancient books consisting of legends and mythological narrations dealing with creationrecreation and the genealogies of sages and rulers 
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Purushartha purpose of the consciousnessof man\'s existence- the four basic needs or desires 
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Rakta bindu red bindusame as beeja(seed) bindu 
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Samskara impressions stored in the mind that form the basis of our beliefsattitudes and personality. 
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Shatkarma the six yogic techniques of purification of the bodyviz. neti 
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Siddha yoni asana the female counterpart of the siddhasana meditative posturein which the left heel presses the entrance to the vagina 
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Soham represents a mantra in meditation; literally means\'I am That\'. Represents the Psychic sound with the sound \'so\' during inhalation and \'ham\' during exhalation. 
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Sushumna nadi main energy channel in yogain the centre of the spinal cord through which kundalini shakti flows. 
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Swadhisthana chakra second chakra in the spinal columnabove the mooladhara. 
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Tamas the quality of inertialaziness 
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Vashitva ability to control all objectsliving and non-living 
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Vastra dhauti yogic detoxification technique in which a specially prepared cloth is swallowed and removed after ten minutesin order to remove mucus from the stomach 
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